Why women are underrepresented in the Afghan media

By Nazira Babori

The first female journalists trained in Afghanistan in more than a decade produce a documentary as part of a ground-breaking training program for Afghan women journalists supported by The Asia Foundation. The hour-long documentary captures the stories of women in Afghanistan, describing both their lives under the Taliban and their hopes for the future (PRNewsFoto/The Asia Foundation)

Progress in the media and freedom of expression are generally viewed as the biggest gains of the post-Taliban era in Afghanistan. Today there are more than 75 television stations, one hundred radio stations and hundreds of publications according to the Ministry of Information and Culture in Afghanistan – a far cry from just one radio station and two papers used solely for the purpose of spreading government propaganda under Taliban rule. Despite some pitfalls, the media community is vibrant and can bring those who commit ills in the government and society to account.

However, this achievement lacks the critical component of the equal representation of women in the field. Many Afghan women looked up to a new dawn when the Taliban regime collapsed. They stepped out of their homes in huge numbers to seek education, join the workforce, and raise their voices through the media. But it was later proved that media is not very rewarding to women.

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Anger in the Nobel Peace Center

By Eric Matthies

‘Infidel’ by Tim Hetherington, on display in the Nobel Peace Center in Oslo (Eric Matthies)

Documentary filmmaker Eric Matthies recently visited the ‘In Afghanistan’ exhibition which showcases work by veteran photographers Lynsey Addario and Tim Hetherington’s. Hetherington was killed covering the conflict in Libya last year.

I recently found myself at the doorstep of the Nobel Peace Center in Oslo, Norway, staring at a banner over the entry that read ‘In Afghanistan: Tim Hetherington and Lynsey Addario‘. I took my time wandering through. The two great photojournalists’ work was exhibited throughout the main floor of the space. Hetherington’s riveting candid shots of US soldiers contrasted with Addario’s ‘Veiled Rebellion’ series, which portrays Afghani women’s struggle for a just life. Itwas a dramatic representation of photojournalism and unusual to see expressed on such a scale. Often, we get images in a newspaper, on a website, or in a book, whereas this was a well-curated exhibit with quality prints, videos andaccompanying text. It also served as a touching tribute to these two giants of war journalism, one tragically in memoriam.

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London’s Frontline Club screens Hetherington and Junger’s ‘Restrepo’

By Helena Williams

Nestled behind Paddington station in West London, the Frontline Club is where journalists, academics and wannabe hacks congregate. It’s one of London’s most vibrant media hubs – you’re just as likely to come across a veteran reporter enjoying a drink in between assignments abroad as you are to bump into bright-eyed freelancers keen to gain some experience.

Tonight the Frontline Club is screening ‘Restrepo’, a documentary made by one of the club’s founding members, Tim Hetherington, who was tragically killed in Libya last year.

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“Don’t just report on journalists – help us!”

Journalists in Afghanistan face intimidation, threats and harassment on a daily basis. Media support organisations need to do more to help journalists stay safe.

By Malik Faisal Moonzajer

“Journalists in Afghanistan encounter a number of threats … Media support organisations should be more proactive” (www.schmidtaps.com)

How can news organisations truly protect their staff?

Many media support organisations hope that reporting threats and attacks [on journalists] will help the journalists stay safe. Sometimes this is not enough. Although employees in these outfits work hard, I have spoken to some journalists who are not satisfied with organisations who only look for statistics to post on their websites.

Journalists in Afghanistan encounter a number of threats.

Some report on sensitive issues, particularly those involving tradition and specific cultural values, with the hope that they will ‘get famous’. This idea is ingrained in society. But reporting on sensitive issues can lead to threatening phone calls, being followed and other forms of harassment. Even the journalists who want to report on corruption to bring change rather than fame are at risk.

A number of journalists are not professionally accredited and may not have completed academic journalism courses. This too can lead to threats, if they do not know about journalism ethics or how to write a balanced story. When they face serious problems, some unions can not do anything to protect them. When a journalist is killed, some organisations just shout out in the media and publish a few newsletters, and then the case is forgotten. I know of cases of journalists killed in Afghanistan which are still unsolved.

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In Afghanistan, a boost in the media – but more journalists at risk

The dramatic increase in media outlets has provided Afghans the opportunity to become journalists, but many are in danger because they lack basic reporting skills.

By Ilias Alami

Shabnah, a 12-year-old Afghan girl, votes for her favorite photo in the Farah Women’s Photography Club in Farah, Afghanistan. The number of Media organisations in Afghanistan has increased dramatically in the past ten years. (Flickr/Tracy DeMarco)

After the US intervention in Afghanistan, the number of media organisations there has increased dramatically.

According to an International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) report from 2011, Afghanistan has more than 70 television stations, 175 radio stations and hundreds of newspapers. If we compare Afghanistan’s development in the past ten years, to what it was like 35 years ago – when watching TV, publishing newspapers and criticising the government in public was banned – we witness a big difference. Now the sudden boost in the media has provided a number of Afghans the opportunity to work in this field.

Of course, with this boost came consequences. Professional training in journalism, including the ethics of journalism, were some of the factors these new media workers lacked. This knowledge gap made Afghan journalists vulnerable to threats, harassment and beatings from the government, insurgents and other groups. According to a coordinator of the Journalists Committee in the Northern Province of Kunduz, most of the reporters in that area lack basic skills required in journalism.

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Interview: Documentary filmmaker Eric Matthies on the deadly cost of news

“The driving force behind the project is to call attention to the impunity journalists face… That’s a story that needs to be told.”

By Helena Williams

Journalists protest against rising violence in Mexico, 2010 (Flickr/Knight Foundation)

Eric Matthies does not consider himself a journalist. But he believes that the dangerous and often life-threatening work of journalists is a story that needs to be told.

A documentary filmmaker who’s worked for Hollywood projects, his latest venture, ‘Killing the Messenger‘ is a far cry from recent films he has worked on with his wife Tricia Todd – such as a documentary about a 74-year-old blues musician and a film about bicycles as a sustainable mode of transport in Africa.

“I would never claim to be a journalist because I think that would diminish the work that true journalists are doing, but I certainly have a great respect for what they’re doing,” he says.

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Renewed focus on Afghan journalists’ safety

By Susanna Inkinen

On the air with Good Morning Afghanistan, a popular national morning show broadcast since 2002 focused on promoting democracy and freedom of speech. (Lars Schmidt/IMS)

More than a decade into the war in Afghanistan, local journalists remain caught in crossfire between the country’s fighting parties

Unarmed, and waiving his press card, Omaid Khpulwak was killed outside his workplace – a radio and television broadcast facility – when it came under a Taliban suicide attack and US counter-attack.

The government of Afghanistan insisted Khpulwak had been killed by the Taliban suicide bombers, but the bullet wounds found on his body indicated otherwise.

A new report by the independent research organisation Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN) detailing the 2011-killing of journalist Omaid Khpulwak puts renewed focus on the safety of Afghanistan’s media professionals.

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